How to correctly prevent rice plant
Rice seedlings, also known as dead seedlings, refer to the roots of the seedlings blocked after rice planting, the leaves, tillers are slow, the growth is stagnant, the rice plants are clustered, the leaves are dark green or covered with reddish-brown spots. There are many reasons for the emergence of "frozen seedlings" in rice seedlings. It should be judged according to the plant's appearance and growth, and the cause of the "frozen seedlings" can be diagnosed.
1, zinc deficiency and dead seedlings. The symptoms of zinc deficiency caused by zinc deficiency in rice appear within 2-4 weeks after transplanting, and the incidence rate is higher in about 20 days. The base of the new leaves of rice seedlings is chlorotic and white, and the old leaves are brown patches along the sides of the veins, or irregular brown spots. The tip of the lower part of the leaf is dry, the newly drawn leaves are short and narrow, the leaf speed is slow, the leaves are not divided, the plants are dwarfed, the farmers call it “retracted seedlingsâ€; the prevention and treatment method: when the dead seedling occurs, the soil uses zinc sulfate 1 - 2 kg of mixed soil is evenly spread in the field. Or spray 50-70 kg of 0.2% zinc sulphate solution evenly, spray once every 7-10 days, spraying time should be carried out in sunny morning or afternoon.
2, lack of potassium and dead seedlings. The dead seedlings caused by potassium deficiency in rice generally appear after the rice plants return to green, reaching a peak within 20-30 days after transplanting. The main symptoms are: growth stagnation, short plants, dark green leaves, and less tillers. The lower leaves of the plant gradually appear yellow-brown to auburn spots from the tip of the leaf to the leaf base, and are connected into streaks. In severe cases, the leaves have symptoms of leaf edge rupture from bottom to top, and they die; prevention and treatment methods: supplemented with potassium fertilizer, potassium fertilizer suitable for paddy field is superior to potassium chloride, and potassium deficiency field is used for potassium or potassium sulfate 10- 20 kg, or 200 kg of ash.
3, lack of phosphorus and dead seedlings. The symptoms of the deficiency of phosphorus deficiency in rice are that the new leaves are dark green, the lower leaves are purple-red, the leaves are small and erect, the leaf sheaths are long and the leaves are short. The rice seedlings are less tiller, the roots are less brown, and there is no white root; prevention and treatment methods: Generally, rice is passed through calcium phosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer should be applied to the roots of the soil. Phosphorus-deficient fields can be used for 30-50 kg of super-calcium phosphate or calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer. It can also be applied with 7-10 kg of diammonium phosphate or 2% of superphosphate aqueous solution of foliar spray for 2 times at intervals of 7 days.
4, poisoning dead seedlings. After planting for a long time, the rice does not return to green, the green is slow, the tiller is late, the appearance of the seedlings becomes short, the leaves are yellow, the rice plants are not clustered, and the growth is stagnant; the roots are dark brown with a lot of black roots, deformed roots, and white roots are thin. The soil is black and smelly; control measures: first carry out deep water sputum to discharge the toxic substances in the soil, then wash the poison with water, detoxification, and properly drain the fields to make the soil ventilate, warm, oxidize the toxic reducing substances, and then Supplementing phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve hair root strength and stress resistance, and then supplementing the application of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer to promote rapid seedling growth.
5, soaking soil is dead. It is common in long-term flooding, ploughing of ploughed soil, muddy mud, deep feet, cold-soaked fields, and newly opened fields in dry land with ploughs. As the plough layer is rotted, the saplings are planted with the floating mud, and the depth can reach more than 10 cm. The underground section is elongated and the roots are moved up, resulting in slow and late growth after planting. Prevention and treatment methods: adhere to shallow water irrigation and The combination of light rest and field, timely drainage of the field, improve soil permeability, increase oxygen and accelerate soil environmental renewal.
6, cold damage to the dead seedlings. If the seedlings are transplanted after the cold (cold wave intrusion or low temperature and rain), soil cooling (cold soak, deep feet, muddy fields and Yinshan, Jiagou fields), water cooling (irrigation water cooling or cold soaking in the field), the seedlings grow slowly, There are many yellow-brown roots, and the new roots are fine and few. The tip of the leaves has brown needle-like spots or dryness. In severe cases, there are "whitenings" or "nodes yellow". Prevention and treatment methods: water should be drained in time to adjust the temperature with water. Insulation with water, sun and night irrigation, increase water temperature and soil temperature.
7, the drug is dead and dead. The roots of the seedlings are not developed properly, and they are easy to form "chicken claw roots". The leaves of the rice plants become lighter, the leaves are yellow, rarely tillering, and the rice plants are stiff. The main reason is the continuous use of iodosyl urea, chloroform and its compound herbicides in winter and past wheat fields, which increases the pesticide residues in the soil; prevention and treatment methods: prevention, prevention or reduction of sulfonylureas Use of class, chlorophyll and its compound herbicides. Drain immediately after the occurrence of the dead seedlings, then wash the fields with water to minimize the residual amount of sulfonylureas, chloroforms and their compound herbicides in the soil.
8, pests and diseases are dead. The main reason is that the rice leaf blast and the rice locust have not been able to prevent and control in time during the field, which leads to the growth of post-plant pests and diseases, and the growth of rice plants is stagnant and the growth of tillers is slow. In severe cases, rice can die and form. "Hexintang"; prevention and control methods: rice blast disease with 20% tricyclazole wettable powder 100g or 75% tricyclazole 50g or 40% rice glutinous rice (Fuji No.1), emulsifiable oil 60-70ml water 50 - 60 kg spray, 2 times in heavy disease field, 7-10 days apart. Rice bran horse can use 40% omethoate emulsion 75-100 ml or 20% triazophos emulsion 75 ml per acre, 50 kg spray with water, or 25% insecticidal double 200-250 g, water 50 Kilogram spray control.
In addition, for rice fields with severe zombie phenomenon, growth regulators such as Zingmikebike and Zhanmiaoling can be used to adjust the physiological activity of plants and promote rapid recovery.
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