Bacterial disease prevention, this knowledge needs to understand
First, the bacterial disease Daquan
Food crop bacterial diseases:
1. Rice: rice bacterial leaf streak, rice bacterial blight, rice-based rot, rice bacterial brown streak, rice bacterial brown spot.
2, potato: potato bacterial wilt, potato soft rot, potato black shank, potato ring rot.
3. Sweet potato rickets;
4. Corn stalk rot;
5. Wheat black-spot disease;
6, cassava bacterial wilt;
Fruit tree bacterial disease:
1. Citrus canker disease (including navel orange, orange, pomelo, Wendan, lemon, giant orange, clam shell, orange, etc.);
2. Shatian pomelo ulcer disease;
3, pear root cancer, pear fire blight;
4, peach bacterial perforation (including plum, apricot, nectarine, cherry, etc.);
5, apple root cancer;
6, pineapple heart rot;
7. Axillary bud blight and sputum cancer;
8, walnut black spot;
9. Kiwifruit ulcer disease;
10. Mango bacterial black spot disease;
11. Fruit tree bacterial root cancer (including peach, pear, apple, chestnut, plum, plum, apricot, grape, etc.);
Melon and vegetable bacterial diseases:
1. Bacterial bacterial wilt of watermelon, bacterial fruit rot of watermelon;
2. Solanaceae vegetable bacterial wilt (tomato, eggplant, pepper) soft rot, scab;
3, cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot (cucumber, melon, loofah);
4, cruciferous vegetable soft rot, bacterial black rot, bacterial black spot disease (cabbage, cabbage, radish, broccoli, etc.)
5. Beans bacterial angular spot disease (lens, lentils, cowpeas, peas, mung beans, etc.); bacterial diseases of kidney beans (lentil, lentils, cowpeas, mung beans);
6, ginger rickets (Ginger corruption, ginger rot disease);
7. Melon bacterial wilt;
8, pepper bacterial spot disease (chili scab disease), pepper bacterial leaf spot;
9, radish black rot;
10, onion bacterial soft rot;
11. Lettuce bacterial spot disease;
12, bacterial spot disease, sputum corruption (ie, soft rot, rot rot);
13, celery soft rot;
14, konjac soft rot;
15. Onion bacterial soft rot;
Economic crops bacterial diseases:
1. Cotton keratosis, cotton red leaf root rot;
2, peanut bacterial wilt;
3. Black rot of rapeseed; soft rot of rapeseed; bacterial black spot of rapeseed;
4. Soybean bacterial leaf burn disease, soybean bacterial spot disease, soybean bacterial spot disease;
5, beet soft rot, beet bacterial root cancer, sugar beet bacterial tail rot (root tail rot disease), sugar beet bacterial spot blight;
6, sesame bacterial angular spot disease, sesame bacterial wilt;
7. Tobacco bacterial wilt, tobacco corner spot, *tobacco wildfire, tobacco soft rot (empty stem disease);
8. Sunflower bacterial stem rot;
9. Sugarcane white strip disease;
10. Coffee bacterial leaf spot;
11, pepper bacterial leaf spot;
Other crop bacterial diseases:
1. Mulberry blight, mulberry bacterial black blight, mulberry blight;
2, tea tree bacterial root cancer;
3. Jute bacterial spot disease;
4, ramie bacterial wilt;
5, kenaf bacterial wilt;
6. Bacterial leaf spot disease, bacterial bacterial stem disease, and bacterial black spot disease of Astragalus membranaceus;
7. Bacterial diseases of medicinal materials;
8. Flower-like bacterial diseases.
Second, the registration and use of commonly used drugs:
1. Thiabacterium copper (Dragon's fungus): In the prevention and treatment of cucumber bacterial angular spot disease, according to 500-600 times diluted spray or root irrigation, it is a control vegetable (cabbage, cucumber), fruit tree (citrus, peach tree, kiwi) A new type of ideal agent for bacterial diseases such as fruit (watermelon, melon) and rice.
2, thiazolyl (leafazole): effective in controlling rice bacterial leaf streak and bacterial blight. Due to the registration time on rice for more than 20 years, rice has developed a great resistance, and the effect of leaf rotazole is constantly decreasing. Due to too many registered companies, the market competition is disorderly and the prices are very chaotic, and it is already in a state of decline.
3. Copper hydroxide. It has not been registered on rice, and is widely registered in cash crops such as vegetables (cucumber, pepper and watermelon), fruit trees (citrus, grapes and lychee) and tobacco. It is a common inorganic copper preparation for controlling bacterial diseases of vegetables. It is sensitive during flowering and young fruit, and should not be mixed with acidic pesticides . It should be sprayed separately. Mixtures with Chunremycin are sensitive to young leaves of crops such as apples, grapes, soybeans and alfalfa, so be sure to pay attention to the concentration and spray at 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Due to the large number of registered companies, the price gap is large, the truth is difficult to argue, and the market is extremely chaotic.
4, allicin: registered crops are extensive, have a certain control effect on bacteria and fungi, is also a relatively common agent for the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases.
5, Chunleimycin: registered crops are widely used in fruit trees, vegetables and rice, the sterilization spectrum is more extensive, and has certain control effects on bacteria and fungi. It has slight phytotoxicity to soybeans, grapes, citrus, apples, etc., and should be used when it is used in neighboring soybean fields.
6, bacteria poison clear: registered crops, the sterilization spectrum is also relatively wide. It used to be a traditional agent for controlling bacterial diseases in rice. This product should not be mixed with other chemicals. When the temperature of the liquid is low and the liquid crystal is precipitated, the liquid is warmed to about 30 ° C with warm water, and the crystals are all dissolved and then diluted.
7. Agricultural streptomycin: It is the most common antibiotic fungicide for controlling bacterial diseases. It is registered in vegetables (cabbage, cucumber), fruit trees (citrus), rice and tobacco. In the past, it has been a traditional product for the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases. In recent years, the resistance to drugs has been continuously enhanced, and the control effect has been continuously declining. In addition, there are more registered enterprises, the market competition is disorderly, the price system is chaotic, and fake goods are mixed. The state's strict management of agricultural antibiotics (listed as "prescription drugs"), the future of streptomycin is worrying, belonging to "sunset products." Do not mix with alkaline pesticides or sewage. When the drug is used, it should be used now, and the drug solution cannot be stored for a long time.
8. Wang Tong: There are a wide range of registered crops and many control objects. It is sensitive to young leaves of crops such as apples, grapes, soybeans and alfalfa, so be sure to pay attention to the concentration. It is advisable to spray after 4 pm. Can not be mixed with thiourethane bactericide.
9. Chlorobromoisocyanuric acid: There are a wide range of registered crops, and the sterilization shop is also very extensive. It has certain effects on diseases such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, and belongs to the “Wanjin Oil†type of pesticide.
10. Trichloroisocyanuric acid: It has certain control effects on diseases such as bacteria and fungi. Do not touch with acids or alkalis to avoid decomposition failure and explosive combustion. If the product is decomposed and burned by alkali or acid, it should be extinguished with sand and gravel or with chemical water-killing agent.
11, copper acetate: compound (mixed) registration mainly to prevent viral diseases, a single dose of bacterial disease is relatively rare.
12, amber and acid copper: registered crops and control objects are relatively extensive, have a certain control effect on bacteria and fungi. When used, the concentration of the liquid should not be too large, otherwise it may cause phytotoxicity.
13. Zhongshengmycin: At present, there are only 2 enterprises left in China and 2 documents are still in temporary registration.
In addition, in recent years, a single agent for the temporary registration and prevention of bacterial diseases, such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Thiosin copper, thiazole zinc, thiabendazole (cyanide), simfenamide, sodium sulfonate and other new agents, It is a promising product that is full of potential and worthy of expectation and attention.
In fact, in the prevention and control of plant diseases, there are many ways we can take, such as strengthening plant quarantine to prevent the invasion of alien pests and diseases; strengthening agricultural control, such as using disease-free propagation materials, establishing a rational planting system, maintaining rural sanitation, and strengthening cultivation. Management, rotation, etc.; selection of disease-resistant varieties; use of biological control; implementation of physical control such as: heat treatment, warm soup soaking, surgery, high-fat membrane disease prevention.
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