Seven categories of 40 herbicides
1. Sulfonylureas
1. High activity, in grams per hectare.
2, killing grass spectrum, different varieties of weeding spectrum difference.
3, strong selectivity, high safety for crops, high efficiency for weeds.
4, easy to use, can be absorbed by the roots, stems, leaves of weeds, but also soil treatment.
5, the main target of the plant is acetolactate synthase, does not affect seed germination and emergence, weeds quickly stop growing after receiving the drug, but it takes a long time to die.
6, easy to develop acidic hydrolysis.
7. Safe for mammals. It is easy to decompose and not accumulate in the environment, and some varieties have a long-lasting effect in the soil, which may cause phytotoxicity to the crops.
Thiasulfuron
The agent can be quickly decomposed by soil microbes in the soil (30-60 days). The selective herbicide after the seedlings will die within 1-3 weeks after receiving the drug. It has poor effect on grass weeds and is ineffective against field spines. Soybean is safe under conditions of 20 to 10 degrees - 30 degrees / 20 degrees. When the temperature reaches 35/25 degrees, the safety of soybeans decreases. Used in wheat, corn, soybeans, peanuts.
Bensulfuron
The residual effect period is about 60 days, which is used for wheat to inhibit the growth of the bud sheath and root. The sensitive weeds die in 1-3 weeks.
Chlorsulfuron (oxasulfuron)
The residual effect period is more than 8 months. It is used for wheat to affect the crops. The wheat crops are quickly metabolized into harmless substances. The seeds will be seriously affected when they come into contact with the pesticides. Land plot.
Methotrexate
Long residual period for wheat
Ethersulfuron
Used in wheat, it can control annual broadleaf weeds and some grass weeds, and has better pre-emergence and post-emergence weeding effects on piglets. Do not spray the liquid on other crops.
Bensulfuron
Rice field, Honda, live field, wheat paddy field and live field can be applied before sowing and within 20 days after sowing, so that the application of the weeds in the early stage after sowing is good. Control the annual broadleaf weeds and sedges, keep the water layer 3-5cm for 3~4 days during application, the agent has little mobility in the soil, and the temperature and soil have little effect on it. Extending the water retention time is the key to improving the weeding effect. Long time, good effect. 5-7 days is appropriate, many days.
Ethersulfuron
Planting crops within 1-2 months after use, no adverse effects. When applying the medicine, close the inlet and outlet, and keep the water to ensure the imitation. This medicine is not suitable for use in leaky fields, otherwise it will cause the medicine to move downwards and concentrate the rice root area to cause phytotoxicity.
Chlorsulfuron
It has a long-lasting effect and is used as a selective pre-emergence bud treatment agent for soybeans. The sensitive weeds are chlorotic for 3-5 days and gradually die from 7 to 21 days. Soybeans can metabolize them into inactive substances. After sowing, 2 grams of active ingredient per acre before germination, after treatment, there will be different degrees of phytotoxicity, under normal circumstances can not be restored. It is not advisable to grow beets, rice, melons, vegetables, potatoes, cotton, etc.
Sulfoxsulfuron
With a long-lasting effect, it can remain basically grass-free for 1-2 years. It can not be used for planting crops within 3 years after application in forest land and non-cultivated land, and has certain phytotoxicity to broad-leaved tree seedlings.
Pyrazosulfuron
The effective period is 25-35 days, and it is mainly used for paddy field to be absorbed by roots, and it is rapidly transferred in weed plants to inhibit growth, and has little effect on rice. High security. It is most suitable for the early stage of weed seedlings. The transplanted field should be kept for more than 5 days. It should be avoided in the late bud stage and have phytotoxicity.
Nicosulfuron
It is used in corn systemic herbicides, which can be absorbed by weed stems, leaves and roots. It will die within 20-25 days. It has good application effect at the 4th leaf stage after weed buds. The drug has pre-emergence activity, but the ratio is higher than the bud. After the activity is low. Below the 2 leaf stage of corn, it is more sensitive than the 5 leaf stage, easy to phytotoxic (sweet corn and violent corn sensitive), no rain within 12 hours, and is beneficial to the drug.
Amphetsulfuron
Long residual period, rapeseed selective endocrine-conducting herbicide, 1-3 weeks necrosis symptoms. Gradually die. Rapeseed can metabolize the agent. It has poor control effect on wild oats and alfalfa. The live seeding and nursery fields were treated with soil after sowing or 1-3 days before sowing, and the transplanted fields were transplanted in rapeseed for 7-10 days. Brassica napus is safe and sensitive to 1-2 leaves. There is phytotoxicity in the back.
Sulfonamide
It is harmless to the crops that are normally rotated. Systemic herbicide for corn, weeds can be stem, leaf, root absorption, spraying should be uniform, the second year after the drug can not be flax seed, canola and other crops sensitive, should be avoided after application organophosphorus kill administered 7 days Insecticide (sweet corn, violent corn, sticky corn can not be used)
Isosulfuron
Short-lasting period, safe for post-crop crops (for lawn) Systemic herbicides can be absorbed by weed stems, leaves and roots. Under normal circumstances, fresh leaves are chlorosis for 20-30 days. death.
Methyl disulfuron
Sowing after 100 days, use with caution during intercropping, (for wheat fields). It is not suitable for wheat after jointing. It can not be flooded with wheat in 5 days after application. Otherwise, it will cause phytotoxicity. Weeds die within 15-30 days.
Formamide
Used in corn to control annual or perennial grass weeds and broadleaf weeds. Mainly through the absorption of stems and leaves, the sensitivity of crops and weeds is very different, and the proper amount of safener is added to the preparation. When the corn is used in the 2-4 leaf stage, the corn will temporarily appear white flowers or seedlings when the amount is large or the application is uneven. Generally, it can be restored to normal in 2-3 weeks, and has no effect on yield and quality.
Cyclopropsulfuron
It is used in rice, stable and safe. Rice can decompose the agent, which has stable efficacy and high safety. Because it is easily adsorbed by the soil, there is still a good effect in the short-term shortage of paddy fields in the northern water-soil field or after application. It has a certain inhibitory effect on tillering of rice, but has no effect on yield.
Dibenzoyl
1. Some varieties are soil sealing treatment agents, and some are stem and leaf treatment agents.
2, the blocking treatment agent mainly kills the annual weed shoots, should be applied before the weeds sprout, the broadleaf effect is better than the grass weeds; stem and leaf treatment can prevent a variety of annual and perennial broadleaf weeds, but Perennial broadleaf weeds can only kill the aerial parts. It is not easy to move in the soil and has a moderate effect period.
3, the main contact strike effect on plants.
4, susceptible to phytotoxicity to crops, but only contact phytotoxicity, generally 5-10 days can be restored, does not affect production.
Oxyfluorfen
The half-life in the soil is about 30 days, and the duration of the rice field is 20-25 days. The selective contact-type germination herbicide mainly enters the plant body through the coleoptile and mesoderm, and the root is rarely absorbed, and the herbicidal action is exerted under the condition of light.
After being applied to the rice field, the soil surface settled within 24 hours and was quickly adsorbed by the soil, leaving no residual phytotoxicity to the sorghum. For rice, it should be above 20cm, and should be more than 30 days old. It should be applied after the dew of the nursery. Keep the deep water layer inside 3-5.
　 Acifluorfen
The half-life of the soil is 30-60 days, which is used for the absorption of soybeans and peanuts through the stems and leaves, which promotes the closure of the pores and inhibits cell division. The drug is susceptible to phytotoxicity to crops and may appear brown spots after application. Spraying evenly, it is best to test first in the promotion, after 4 leaves of soybeans, the bean leaves cover weeds, the weeding effect is poor, and the phytotoxicity is aggravated, the maximum temperature is lower than 21 degrees or the soil temperature is lower than 15 degrees, easy to toxic .
Fluoride
It is easily decomposed by soil microbes and is used as a selective stem and leaf treatment agent for peanuts and soybeans. The 1-3 days sensitive broadleaf weeds have burn spots and gradually enlarge. After the whole plant is killed, there is not enough light to affect the efficacy. Play quickly. There are different degrees of drug spots on peanuts and soybeans, and the leaves grow normally in the later stage.
Fomesafen
The half-life is 6-12 months. It is used for peanut, soybean and mung bean before and after germination. In the early post-emergence period, we control the broadleaf weeds. The rain does not reduce the efficacy after 4 hours of treatment. After soaking, the soybean can be quickly degraded and the effective period Up to more than 1 month, due to the long residual period, it will not be passivated in the soil. Under normal application conditions, it has little effect on the sputum, and the large amount has phytotoxicity to the sputum.
Carbofuran
The shelf life is only 15 days in the soil and is easily degraded by microbial degradation. After a few hours, weeds have significant symptoms of drug exposure and are less affected by changes in ambient temperature. The phytotoxicity does not affect the yield.
Third, urea
1. Mainly prevent annual weeds, especially for annual broadleaf weeds.
2, the principle is mainly to inhibit the Hill reaction of plant photosynthesis, light intensity can help the drug effect.
3, can not inhibit the seed germination, through the root absorption of the main body, upward conduction, accumulated in the leaves, the application effect before the weed buds.
4, mostly soil treatment agent, quickly adsorbed by the soil colloid after application, staying in the 0-3cm deep soil layer.
5. The herbicidal effect is closely related to the soil water content. Under normal circumstances, the herbicidal effect is high when the moisture is good.
6, mainly through soil biological degradation, the duration of the effect in the soil for several months to more than one year.
Green merlon
The persistence period in soil is about 70 days. It is used for the selection of endocytic herbicides for corn and wheat. It is mainly absorbed by the roots of weeds, and can also be absorbed by stems and leaves to inhibit the photosynthesis of weeds. After about 10 days. The whole plant is dead, and it is used when weed 2 leaves 1 heart or 1 leaf 1 heart.
Isoproturon
It decomposes quickly in the soil, and the application period in autumn is up to 2-3 months. Used for wheat weeds to be absorbed by roots and leaves, more than 2-3 weeks after application. The safety of other crops is poor. Because of the short duration of use, it can only be applied during the Spring Festival. When the temperature is low to an average of 4 degrees per day, it has phytotoxicity to wheat seedlings.
Li Gulong
The half-life in soil is 38-67 days and the duration of effect is 4 months. It can be used as a soil treatment agent before the excavation of corn and wheat. After sowing, it can be used as a stem and leaf spray treatment before or after seedling and weeds 1-2 leaf stage. Areas with heavy sand and precipitation are not suitable for application.
Diuron
The period of validity is about 60 days. Can be pre-emergence treatment, many small sales seconds have a killing effect, wheat field is banned, cotton seedlings can not be applied after unearthed, peach trees are sensitive to it, pay attention.
Sharon
The application period can be up to 50 days. When applying the medicine, the field water should not be too deep, preferably 3-5cm.
Fourth, carbamates
1. Due to different varieties, it can be absorbed by plant roots, coleoptiles and leaves, and has poor control effect on adult weeds.
2. The main action site is the meristem of the plant. The root tip of the victim crop is swollen, dwarfed, and malformed.
3. The main mechanism of action is to inhibit plant cell division, followed by inhibition of photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation.
4. Soil treatment varieties can be degraded by microorganisms in the soil, and the duration of eating in the soil is short, and it is 3-6 weeks in warm and moist soil.
Chlorpyrifos
The soil has a shelf life of 2-8 weeks, and the dry field is about 4 weeks old. It can be applied before and after the bud, and the effect is slow. The sensitive weeds gradually die in 1-2 weeks. When the average temperature is lower than 18 degrees, it affects the efficacy and is prone to phytotoxicity. Water leakage fields should not be applied. Not only can it be mixed with organophosphorus or carbamate insecticides, but it can not be applied before and after, otherwise it is easy to cause phytotoxicity to rice.
Beet Ning
The half-life in soil is less than 26 days. It is used for beet and spinach post-emergence stem and leaf herbicides. The application of soil is small. Immediately after spraying the drug, it should be sprayed.
Beet
It is used as a post-emergence stem and leaf treatment agent for weeds. Weed 2-4 leaves sensitive weeds have good effect. This medicine is very safe for crops. It can be used depending on weeds. It should be used now.
Oatmeal
For wheat, selective systemic herbicides, the agent can be absorbed by weed leaves, one week after the drug, stop growth and development, about one month later, some will resume growth, but it is obviously inhibited. Wild oats have poor efficacy after 4 leaves. The application of premature seedlings is small, the area of ​​the drug is small, and the effect is also poor. When spraying at low temperature (below 12 degrees), it is easy to cause phytotoxicity to wheat.
Five, thiocarbamates
1, can prevent a variety of annual grass weeds, effective for some broad-leaved weeds
2. Most varieties are absorbed by weed roots and buds, which are important soil treatment agents.
3. Mainly inhibit the growth of plant meristems. The main symptoms of weeds are: abnormal leaves and growth malformation of grass weeds from coleoptile; in most cases, grass weeds sprout and emerge after application. And grow 1-2 pieces of true leaves and die
4. The selection principle mainly depends on the selectivity of the difference, the difference between absorption and conduction and its degradation in plants is also an important factor affecting selectivity.
5. Most of the varieties are aromatic liquids or low melting point solids, which are miscible with many organic solvents and have low water solubility.
6, generally more stable. Low toxicity
Dingute
The soil is easily decomposed by microorganisms and has a shelf life of 1-3 months. It is used as a selective soil treatment agent for corn. This product has strong volatility. It should be mixed immediately after the drug, which is safe for the later crops. Unearthed weeds are invalid.
Hecaodan
The half-life in the soil is 2-3 weeks under good ventilation conditions, and the anaerobic condition is 6-8 months. The drug can be quickly adsorbed by the soil, so it is small in leaching with water, generally distributed in 2 cm deep soil layer. Dechlorinated herbicide formed by soil microorganisms under anaerobic conditions can strongly inhibit rice growth. After the rice field medicine, a certain amount of water layer should be maintained. When the rice is in the seedling stage, the medicine cannot be applied during the needle-forming period, otherwise it is easy to be medicated. Not suitable for years.
Killing grass
Under normal conditions: 21 degrees -26 degrees, half-life is 2 weeks, and the effect period is 1-3 months. It has no effect on post-crop crops and is volatile. It is used for soybean, peanut, potato, sweet potato, tobacco, low temperature easy drug. Harmful, when the phytotoxicity is irritated, the water is irrigated once, which promotes the growth of the seedlings, which can eliminate the phytotoxicity and restore growth.
Grass
The half-life is 8-25 days and 40-160 days in flooded soil. It is used as a selective herbicide for rice fields. It is treated with soil and stems and leaves. After being applied to the field, it is deposited at the interface between water and mud due to its high density, forming a high concentration of drug layer.
When weeds pass through the drug layer, weeds under 3 leaves can die within 3 days, which is one of the more rational herbicides in rice fields. Migra method can not be used, japonica rice is sensitive to the drug, the dose is too high or uneven and easy to toxic, should not be immersed in the germinated rice seeds in the liquid, Putian advocates the use of the seedlings at the 2 leaf stage.
Cyclospor
The half-life in soil is 56-180 days. It is used as a selective pre-emergence herbicide for sugar beet and spinach. It has good effect on newly germinated weeds and has a half-life of 4-8 weeks in soil. For 2-3 months, it is easy to volatilize and photolyze. The medicine must be mixed into the soil within 20 minutes after the medicine.
Wild wheat
It is used for wheat, bean and sugar beet pre-treatment agents. The most sensitive part of weed growth point is strong. The volatile gas is also toxic to weeds. It should be mixed in time after application. Decomposed by microorganisms, high activity, good herbicidal effect. If wheat seeds are directly exposed to the drug in the drug layer, it will cause phytotoxicity. This drug is flammable, and shaking after low temperature crystallization does not affect the drug effect.
Piperazine
The soil has a shelf life of 20 days and can penetrate into the soil 1-3 cm deep. It is used as a systemic selective herbicide for rice. It has a prominent effect on controlling the sedge of 2 leaves and is safe for rice. The roots and leaves of weeds are absorbed and die in 1-2 weeks. This medicine has special effects on alfalfa. When used, it can be considered to be mixed with other medicines to expand the spectrum of killing grass.
Sulfosin
It can be used for sugarcane internal absorption type herbicides, which can be absorbed by leaves and roots of plants and transmitted to other parts. It will die in 7-20 days. It should be mixed in high temperature and sunny days.
6. Phenoxycarboxylic acids
1. It is usually used for stem and leaf treatment to control annual and perennial broadleaf weeds. When soil treatment is carried out, it also has certain control effect on annual weed weeds and seed breeding perennial weed shoots. But after the unearthing, the effect is not good.
2. Such herbicides can be rapidly absorbed by the roots and stems of broadleaf weeds.
3. When the salt or ester is sprayed on the weeds, the weeds turn them into corresponding acids and become toxic.
4. It belongs to hormone herbicides, which affect almost every physiological process and biological activity of plants.
5, applied to the soil, mainly by soil microbes degradation, in warm and humid climate conditions, their residual period of 1-4 weeks, and in cold, dry climate conditions, up to 1-2 Months.
2,4-butyl butyl ester
The application of weeds in wheat field is suitable for the two stages of wheat ear differentiation growth cone elongation to single-edge and small flower differentiation to stamen and male differentiation. Due to the low temperature in these two stages, the detoxification process of wheat is slow, and the dosage is large and easy to cause phytotoxicity. The middle and late stages of wheat spike differentiation are the least safe for wheat. Maize is susceptible to medicinal application before or after the 4 leaf stage.
A 50-100 m isolation zone should be provided. The agent can penetrate the stratum corneum and the cytoplasm rapidly to all parts of the plant, affecting the synthesis of the protein. When it reaches the growth point, it stops growing, the young leaves can not expand, inhibit the photosynthesis, and transmit to the stem. It can cause abnormal cell division, enlargement of roots and stems, loss of absorption capacity, formation of layer swelling into a mass, phloem necrosis, screen blockage, organic nutrients blocked, causing plant death, which is the reason for sensitivity to dicotyledons.
2 methyl 4-chloro sodium salt
The action speed is slower than 2,4-D, and the grass weeds are very sensitive to them. After 3-4 leaves, the resistance gradually increases, the tillering stage is the strongest, and the sensitivity to the ear differentiation stage increases. For example, small to medium heavy rain should be reapplied within 12 hours after application.
Benzoic acid
1, usually used in grass crop fields, stem and leaf treatment to control annual and annual broadleaf weeds
2. Most varieties have herbicidal activity and the activity of plant growth regulators .
3. It can be quickly absorbed by plants after application, and accumulated in the active parts of plants.
4, with the role of auxin and interfere with the role of endogenous auxin, they affect the growth of plant roots and shoots, causing deformity
5. The salt of the benzoic acid herbicide is easily leached in the soil, and the residual effect varies greatly depending on the variety, from 2-3 weeks to more than 1 year.
Wheat straw
It is used for the internal absorption of grass crops, and the roots and leaves can be absorbed, which hinders the normal activities of plant hormones. Wheat 4 is forbidden to be applied before and after jointing, and the critical period of safety is wheat jointing stage.
Aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid
1, can be used for broad-leaved crops, can control a variety of grass weeds, highly selective
2. This type of herbicide is a post-emergence stem and leaf treatment agent with systemic and local conduction effects.
3. The action site is the meristematic tissue of the plant, which has a strong inhibitory effect on the young meristematic tissue. Generally, the symptoms of phytotoxicity begin to appear in 48 hours, and the heart leaves become purple, yellow, and withered.
4. Inactive in the soil, it is ineffective in the soil.
Hecao Ling
The water content of the soil has a significant effect on the efficacy of Hecao Ling. The effect is best at 30% water content, and the effect is lowered when the temperature is high. Therefore, the application of wheat field should be early.
Phenylpyrazine
Rapid hydrolysis in moist soil, half-life of less than 7 days generally stops growing 3-5 days after application, 7 days or so node or bud release necrosis, 10-15 days of weed death, high temperature and drought conditions should be appropriately increased medication the amount.
Quinoxaline
Within 2-3 days, the new leaves will chlorotic and yellow, and the leaves outside the new leaves will begin to be necrotic in 4-7 days, and the whole plants will die in 10-14 days. The rainfall within 1-2 hours after treatment will not affect the efficacy. In the case of dry weather, the leaves of the crop sometimes have phytotoxicity and have no effect on the yield.
Valerate
Systemic use as a stem and leaf treatment agent, weeds stop growing within 3-4 days, also have good herbicidal activity in the case of relatively low temperature, control annual and perennial grass weeds, rain does not affect the efficacy after 5 hours of drug .
Cyhalofop-butyl
It is used for rice weeds to stop growing within a few days, and then gradually dies, stems and leaves are treated, and the field water is drained when spraying. After 2 days, it is transferred to normal management. Rainfall after 5 hours of drug does not affect the efficacy.
Quinoxamate
Post-emergence herbicides to control annual and perennial grass weeds in broad-leaved crop fields, browning at the base of heart leaves in 3-5 days, necrosis in 5-10 days, and death in 14-21. Rainfall 1 hour after the drug does not affect the efficacy, no need to re-spray.
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