Domestic wind power accelerated development of wind power talent gap

Since 2007, the cost of wind power generation in China has continued to decline at an average annual rate of 12%. From the original 10,000 yuan / KWh quickly fell to 6000-7000 yuan / KWh. By 2011, the wind power industry has fully entered the "3,000 yuan" era. The rapid reduction in the cost of wind power industry is undoubtedly beneficial to the promotion and application of wind power, but relevant data shows that by the end of 2011, the total installed capacity of wind power only accounted for 4.5% of the total installed capacity of power generation in China. The future wind power industry still has much room for growth.

The state’s supportive attitude toward the wind power industry is clear, and the domestic wind power industry is booming, but the scarcity of talents in related fields is not coordinated with it. In 2012, at the China Wind Power Training Conference, Prof. Liu Mingfu of Northwestern Polytechnical University emphasized that: “China's wind power talent shortage will reach 400,000 by 2020, with high-end talent accounting for 40% of the total. Only 2,000 people have been trained, and no more than 5,000 people have been trained at all levels."

Domestic wind power talent shortage

Under normal circumstances, wind power talent includes wind resource appraisers, R&D personnel, engineers, manufacturing enterprise workers, and operation and maintenance personnel. At present, there are still a few universities that specialize in the establishment of wind power in China, and it is difficult to meet the needs of enterprises. In particular, some of the more technical and technical personnel are extremely lacking. Professor Tian De, head of wind energy and power engineering at the North China Electric Power University, said: “According to the current growth in installed capacity of wind power, there is still a large gap in China's wind power talents. The annual demand for new wind power talents exceeds 10,000, while the training of universities The total number of wind power talents is about 1,000, which needs to be transferred from related professional to wind power jobs."

Take the resource assessment profession as an example. At present, there are no specific institutions to set up such majors, and there are still gaps in the cultivation of wind power personnel. However, in fact, resource assessment requires very professional knowledge. Engineer Hu Zhihua of Beijing Levicel Technology Co., Ltd. said in an interview: “Wind resource assessment is the key to the wind power project. Inaccurate assessments and inappropriate site selection can affect 5%-10% of revenue. Accurate The assessment can reduce the cost of generating electricity and increase profits.” However, today’s society is not fully aware of the importance of appraisers, and companies’ assessment of wind resources is not enough attention.

“Employees with a bachelor’s degree have only received initial training before assessment, and it is difficult to accurately assess the distribution of wind resources. The quality of the assessment staff needs to be further strengthened,” said Hu Jinhua. Leavisell provides training services for assessors, but it is limited by time and cost, and the depth of training is insufficient. Employees are very much willing to participate in training, and due to the shortage of personnel in the company, employees cannot be released to participate in training.

“Difficulties in the evaluation of wind resources are related to a lot of knowledge, including computational fluid dynamics, boundary layer meteorology, and geoinformatics. The level of domestic assessment is weak, and sometimes foreign countries have not been able to accurately measure wind power. The prospects of the wind power industry are broad, with the Development requires more and more accurate assessments and requires more and more evaluators.Assessors need to work on the site, the workload and pressure are large, and the existing assessment staff are in short supply and need innovative talents. It is also necessary to form a wind resource assessment system,” said Hu Jinhua.

The talents in the wind power industry are in short supply. The reporter also has an in-depth understanding of the treatment of wind power practitioners. Master Li, who worked in the energy-saving wind farm in Guazhou, turned out to be a student majoring in electrical engineering. Considering the broad prospects of wind power, he turned professional to wind power. At present, he is satisfied with his income and treatment. He said: "At present, workers' wages are still relatively high, and welfare benefits are better."

The manager of SDIC Guozhou Electric Power Co., Ltd., who works in Guazhou, is a middle-level cadre whose salary is very competitive in the local area. Manager Su introduced that 28 new employees have just entered the workforce. Most of them are undergraduates majoring in wind energy, and a few college students. Locally, there is a vocational school in Jiuquan, which has a specialization in electric power and has trained many workers for the wind farm.

Although the salary is slightly higher, the work is also extremely hard. “A 99 MW wind farm generally requires 40 operation and maintenance personnel. The work of wind power personnel is very difficult. The workers basically live in wind farms a few hundred kilometers away from home for 5 days and return home on weekends to rest. The boy who passed the voltage test has not returned home since the Spring Festival left home. His wife is pregnant and he can't go home,” said Mr. Su.

Enterprises set up university reserve talents

“China's wind power industry started late, the industry scale is small, and the wind power talent system has not been established.” Qin Haiyan, secretary-general of the wind energy committee of the China Renewable Energy Society, pointed out in an interview that “talented personnel are divided into different levels and there are high-end R&D talents. , engineers, but also workers, manufacturing company workers, operation and maintenance personnel, etc."

Qin Haiyan pointed out that the training of wind farm operators is imminent. “The current lack of professional operation and maintenance personnel for wind farms, construction workers, hoisting personnel and maintenance personnel all come from related industries and are cultivated by general technical schools. However, wind power has special characteristics. In recent years, personnel emerged in the process of lifting and debugging. Casualties and other major accidents are mainly due to illegal operations," Qin Haiyan said. “The main reason for illegal operations is that we do not understand the principle of wind turbines. The hoisting involves natural winds. We must pay attention to what can be lifted under the wind. There are also safety problems in installation and commissioning, such as debugging. The blade should feather the brakes, and if there is no feather brake when commissioning, suddenly a gust of wind, and no grid-connected compound, there will be a speed accident."

Now mainly manufacturing companies are responsible for the operation and maintenance work. After the warranty period, the operation and maintenance work is the responsibility of the developer. In foreign countries, developers are responsible for the development of investment, and manufacturing companies are responsible for operation and maintenance. China's wind power industry will have great development in the future. So many wind turbines need a lot of operation and maintenance personnel. The training of operation and maintenance personnel is critical. Should strengthen safety training. Training must also be targeted. Different companies have different types of fans, and their control strategies and safety protection are all different.

“Foreign companies attach great importance to training. Vestas has a training center in Shunyi District. Debugging personnel must be trained to get on the wind turbines, at least to ensure safety.” Qin Haiyan said, “China’s current training and maintenance staff are inadequate, and wind power personnel The degree of professionalism is not enough. The training standards are set by the companies themselves, and internationally there are strict requirements for wind power training. There are standards for training systems, facilities, management, and syllabus."

Fortunately, in recent years, the company’s own training capabilities have also increased. For example, Sany Wind Power, Goldwind Technologies, Dongfang Steamship, and Longyuan Power have established their own universities and their forms have also been different. Thirty-one is to recruit students for all high school students, and to take the training route for skilled workers. Goldwind University is based on training, that is, personnel training for the company and upstream and downstream companies, forming a knowledge tree of 36 subjects, and known as the "Huangpu Military Academy of wind power industry."

Talent training must not be quick and immediate

The current growth rate of wind power installed capacity is still high and it needs to absorb a large number of talents.

North China Electric Power University is the earliest school to establish wind power. Professor Liu Yongqian, executive deputy dean of the School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, said in an interview with reporters: “The difficulty in talent cultivation of wind power lies mainly in the interdisciplinary nature of wind power, which requires both mechanical and mechanical knowledge, as well as aerodynamics and other related knowledge. We must not only train comprehensive innovative talents, adapt to internationalization requirements, but also need to have a comprehensive and professional understanding of wind power systems and find a balance between comprehensive and solid foundations and professional education."

“In fact, the main lack of China is the independent design of R&D personnel and senior skilled workers,” said Professor Liu Mingfu, director of the Institute of Power and Energy at Northwestern Polytechnical University. According to the reporter's understanding, Northwestern Polytechnical University, which aims to cultivate "advanced talents" adapted to the needs of the industry, has also established wind power and solar energy systems and engineering disciplines in combination with aerospace, aviation, and maritime "three aviation" advantages. Cultivate technical backbones and R&D engineers.

“The employment status of wind power talents is extremely good and there is no problem of employment difficulties.” Liao Mingfu stressed that “the cultivation of talents is a long-term process and cannot be eager for quick success.” Hopefully, enterprises should be patient and provide students with the conditions and opportunities for growth so that students can Learning in the actual combat, do not rush for short-term benefits, require students to design a fan when they arrive at the company, which does not meet the law of personnel training. “

Professor Liao believes that schools should further strengthen international exchanges, hire German experts to teach core courses in wind power, and invite technical personnel in wind power companies to introduce practical experience to schools to improve students’ understanding of practical operations and enhance students’ R & D capabilities and practical capabilities.

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