Application of Aluminum Alloy in Civil Ships in Europe and America

[China Aluminum Network] The ship is the main water transport, while the ship refers to a giant sailing ship. Due to the low density of aluminum and aluminum alloys, which is approximately 1/3 of that of steel, the corrosion resistance of seawater is strong, and good formability and weldability, etc., have been produced since the industrial production in the United States and Switzerland in 1888. In the fourth year it was used to make steamboats, two years before the first time it was used on airplanes.

In 1891, for the first time in Switzerland, aluminum boats were built. After that, other countries successively used aluminum to build hulls. However, due to the fact that aluminum was born at that time, there were not many types of aluminum alloys, and only a few aluminum alloys had low strength and corrosion resistance. As one wishes, it limits their application in shipbuilding. The metallurgical industry is the forerunner and foundation of the shipbuilding industry. With the development of the metallurgical industry, the aluminum industry provided the Al-Mg alloy with high corrosion resistance for the shipbuilding industry in the late 1920s. Therefore, the application of aluminum alloys in shipbuilding was again Redeveloped.

Marine Materials (9): Application of Aluminum Alloys to Civil Ships in Europe and America In August 1931, the United Kingdom produced the “Diana II” all-aluminum yacht, which was the first ship in the world. The magnesium alloy is 16.75m long, 3.65m wide and 1.74m draft. After 20 years of use, it is still intact and the hull has no corrosion. The yacht was exhibited at the London Aluminum Exhibition in 1955. After the Diana II, Canada, Sweden, and the United Kingdom have successively constructed some aluminum alloy boats. As aluminum alloys are used for shipbuilding, the development of hydrofoils has been promoted. The Soviet Union built the Paketa hydrofoil passenger boat in 1958. It carried 66 passengers. Its hull material was hard aluminum. In 1959, it also built Meyer, which carries 130 to 150 people. Meteor) hydrofoil passenger boat, 34.4m long, with a speed of 80km/h and hull material made of hard aluminum, riveted. The hydrofoil they later constructed used aluminum-magnesium alloy welding. The "Cyclone" coastal hydrofoil built in 1962 uses a new type of plate that integrates stiffeners and plates into one piece. The weight of the hull is therefore reduced by 10% to 15%. The length of the boat is 46.5m, width is 9.0m, draft is 3.0m. , Displacement 108t, Power 3181kW, Speed ​​92.5km/h.

Since 1928, aluminum alloys have gradually been used to make superstructures for large ships. In the year, deckhouses were built with aluminum alloy materials. In 1939, the upper deck, portholes, and railings of the Norwegian cargo ship “Fernplant” with a cargo capacity of 8,800 tons were made of aluminum alloy, and 14 tons were used, eliminating the need for 40 tons of steel. After the Second World War, the metallurgical industry made great strides. Aluminum alloys were widely used in the construction of ships' superstructures, and there was an increase in the usage and daily supplies. In particular, some luxury cruise ships: the United States’ share of the United Nations (United States) cruise line in 1952. 2000 tons of aluminum, 305 meters long, 37 meters wide, 5914 tons of displacement, carrying 2,000 passengers; in 1960 the British built the Oriana and Canbeera giant ships used more than 1,000 tons of aluminum Material, the former displacement 40kt, the latter's 48kt.

Aluminum alloys are also used in the manufacture of other civilian vessels: In the early 1950s, some of the tankers built in the UK had 5XXX series 5054 alloy liners, and each 30kt class tanker used more than 1000 tons of aluminum. In 1951 the British made "Red Rose" ( "RedRose" was used for the aluminum fishing boat 27t. In 1964 Hungary designed a 100t gold aluminum fishing boat. The aluminum used was mainly composed of 2.5% to 4% Mg aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy was also used on barges and was built in 1964 in the United States. An all-aluminum barge, with more than 180 tons of aluminum applied, whether plate or extruded, all used 5083 alloy with a 14% higher loading capacity than steel barges; tugs can also be made of aluminum alloys. "Sauter" tugboat shells were welded with 5083 and 5086 alloys, and the man-hours for manufacturing were shortened by about 30% compared to steel barges. Soviet-built train ferries were welded with 5056 and 5466 alloys. In 196 Britain produced two biogas transports. The ship, 9 biogas tanks on the ship are welded by aluminum alloy.

Wang Zhutang

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