3 key issues to improve the recycling of waste plastics
2024-01-10 09:10:29
Plastics have brought great convenience to our lives, but at the same time they have caused great pollution to the environment. Therefore, plastic recycling is still a young industry, because no one really considered recycling when plastics were first put into use. While there are many opportunities for plastic recycling growth, this less mature recycling industry still faces many challenges. Scientists all over the world choose different research methods from different angles to explore ways and ways to improve the recycling of waste plastics.
At present, the commonly used methods for recycling and recycling waste plastics are mechanical physical recovery, energy recovery and chemical recovery. Recent research published in Science introduces new methods that can dramatically increase the amount of plastic solid waste that is successfully recycled. These approaches can include recycling different types of plastic together in a waste cycle, avoiding expensive and time consuming sorting processes, and dissolving plastics in a more energy efficient manner. The researchers pointed out three key issues.
1, compatibilizer
Recycling of traditional plastics must be sorted before recycling, which increases the amount of work and expense. Plastics are made up of macromolecules, so most similar molecular materials do not mix when heated. The focus of the research is to find substances that promote the mixing of different types of plastics, ie compatibilizers, so that they can be recycled together. Finding a compatibilizer for all polymers is ideal, and scientists point out that current technology requires a tailored approach to each plastic blend.
2, catalyst
Chemical recovery involves the use of a catalyst to decompose a plastic to obtain a small molecule product. The researchers said: "High energy costs are hampering this process. Catalyst work with more efficient R&D is key."
3. Recycling method without melting
More challenging is the development of methods that can recover polymers without high temperature melt processing, such as thermosets and elastomers (rubber materials). The researchers say that for any potential solution, the key is that the properties of the material are not affected to make it easier to recycle. Multiple use and recycling of plastics without loss of performance is an open challenge for research.
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